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Bug 257534: Require Perl 5.8.1 or later when running on Windows with ActiveState…

Bug 257534: Require Perl 5.8.1 or later when running on Windows with ActiveState Perl (there is no official CGI ppm build with a new enough version for Bugzilla on any earlier version of ActiveState Perl) Patch by Byron Jones <bugzilla@glob.com.au> r=justdave, a=justdave
parent 666b9d62
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docs/en/rel_notes.txt
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docs/en/xml/Bugzilla-Guide.xml
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......@@ -30,19 +30,21 @@
For a devel release, simple bump bz-ver and bz-date
-->
<!ENTITY bz-ver "2.17.7">
<!ENTITY bz-nextver "2.18">
<!ENTITY bz-date "2004-01-24">
<!ENTITY bz-ver "2.19">
<!ENTITY bz-nextver "2.20">
<!ENTITY bz-date "2004-07-10">
<!ENTITY % bz-devel "INCLUDE">
<!ENTITY landfillbase "http://landfill.bugzilla.org/bugzilla-tip/">
<!ENTITY bz "http://www.bugzilla.org/">
<!ENTITY bzg-bugs "<ulink url='http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=Bugzilla&amp;component=Documentation'>Bugzilla Documentation</ulink>">
<!ENTITY mysql "http://www.mysql.com/">
<!ENTITY newest-perl-ver "5.8.2">
<!ENTITY newest-perl-ver "5.8.3">
<!-- For minimum versions -->
<!ENTITY min-mysql-ver "3.23.41">
<!ENTITY min-perl-ver "5.6.0">
<!ENTITY min-perl-ver-win "5.8.1">
<!ENTITY min-template-ver "2.08">
<!ENTITY min-file-temp-ver "any">
<!ENTITY min-appconfig-ver "1.52">
......@@ -50,17 +52,17 @@
<!ENTITY min-file-spec-ver "0.82">
<!ENTITY min-data-dumper-ver "any">
<!ENTITY min-dbd-mysql-ver "2.1010">
<!ENTITY min-dbi-ver "1.32">
<!ENTITY min-dbi-ver "1.36">
<!ENTITY min-date-format-ver "2.21">
<!ENTITY min-cgi-ver "2.93">
<!-- Optional modules -->
<!ENTITY min-gd-ver "1.20">
<!ENTITY min-gd-graph-ver "any">
<!ENTITY min-gd-text-align-ver "any">
<!ENTITY min-chart-base-ver "0.99c">
<!ENTITY min-chart-base-ver "1.0">
<!ENTITY min-xml-parser-ver "any">
<!ENTITY min-mime-parser-ver "any">
<!ENTITY min-patchreader-ver "0.9.1">
<!ENTITY min-patchreader-ver "0.9.4">
]>
......
docs/en/xml/administration.xml
View file @ a7d40ecc
......@@ -2,28 +2,13 @@
<chapter id="administration">
<title>Administering Bugzilla</title>
<subtitle>Or, I just got this cool thing installed. Now what the heck do I
do with it?</subtitle>
<section id="parameters">
<title>Bugzilla Configuration</title>
<para>So you followed
<quote>
<xref linkend="installation" />
</quote>
to the letter, and logged into Bugzilla for the very first time with your
super-duper god account. You sit, contentedly staring at the Bugzilla Query
Screen, the worst of the whole mad business of installing this terrific
program behind you. It seems, though, you have nothing yet to query! Your
first act of business should be to setup the operating parameters for
Bugzilla so you can get busy getting data into your bug tracker.</para>
<section id="postinstall-check">
<title>Post-Installation Checklist</title>
<para>After installation, follow the checklist below to help ensure that
you have a successful installation. If you do not see a recommended
setting for a parameter, consider leaving it at the default while you
perform your initial tests on your Bugzilla setup.</para>
<para>Bugzilla is configured by changing various parameters, accessed
from the "Edit parameters" link in the page footer. Here are
some of the key parameters on that page. You should run down this
list and set them appropriately after installing Bugzilla.</para>
<indexterm>
<primary>checklist</primary>
......@@ -31,185 +16,102 @@
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Bring up
<filename>editparams.cgi</filename>
in your web browser. This should be available as the
<quote>edit parameters</quote>
link from any Bugzilla screen once you have logged in.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>The
<quote>maintainer</quote>
is the email address of the person responsible for maintaining this
Bugzilla installation. The maintainer need not be a valid Bugzilla
user. Error pages, error emails, and administrative mail will be sent
with the maintainer as the return email address.</para>
<para>Set
<quote>maintainer</quote>
to
<emphasis>your</emphasis>
email address. This allows Bugzilla's error messages to display your
email address and allow people to contact you for help.</para>
<para>
<command>maintainer</command>:
The maintainer parameter is the email address of the person
responsible for maintaining this
Bugzilla installation. The address need not be that of a valid Bugzilla
account.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>The
<quote>urlbase</quote>
parameter defines the fully qualified domain name and web server path
to your Bugzilla installation.</para>
<para>For example, if your bugzilla query page is
http://www.foo.com/bugzilla/query.cgi, set your
<quote>urlbase</quote>
is http://www.foo.com/bugzilla/.</para>
<para>
<command>urlbase</command>:
This parameter defines the fully qualified domain name and web
server path to your Bugzilla installation.</para>
<para>For example, if your Bugzilla query page is
<filename>http://www.foo.com/bugzilla/query.cgi</filename>,
set your <quote>urlbase</quote>
to <filename>http://www.foo.com/bugzilla/</filename>.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<quote>usebuggroups</quote>
dictates whether or not to implement group-based security for
Bugzilla. If set, Bugzilla bugs can have an associated groupmask
defining which groups of users are allowed to see and edit the
bug.</para>
<para>Set "usebuggroups" to "on"
<emphasis>only</emphasis>
if you may wish to restrict access to products. I suggest leaving
this parameter
<emphasis>off</emphasis>
while initially testing your Bugzilla.</para>
<command>makeproductgroups</command>:
This dictates whether or not to automatically create groups
when new products are created.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<quote>usebuggroupsentry</quote>
, when set to
<quote>on</quote>
, requires that all bugs have an associated groupmask when submitted.
This parameter is made for those installations where product
isolation is a necessity.</para>
<para>Set "usebuggroupsentry" to "on" if you absolutely need to
restrict access to bugs from the moment they are submitted through
resolution. Once again, if you are simply testing your installation,
I suggest against turning this parameter on; the strict security
checking may stop you from being able to modify your new
entries.</para>
<command>useentrygroupdefault</command>:
Bugzilla products can have a group associated with them, so that
certain users can only see bugs in certain products. When this
parameter is set to <quote>on</quote>, this
causes the initial group controls on newly created products
to place all newly-created bugs in the group
having the same name as the product immediately.
After a product is initially created, the group controls
can be further adjusted without interference by
this mechanism.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>You run into an interesting problem when Bugzilla reaches a
<para>
<command>shadowdb</command>:
You run into an interesting problem when Bugzilla reaches a
high level of continuous activity. MySQL supports only table-level
write locking. What this means is that if someone needs to make a
change to a bug, they will lock the entire table until the operation
is complete. Locking for write also blocks reads until the write is
complete. The
<quote>shadowdb</quote>
complete. Note that more recent versions of mysql support row level
locking using different table types. These types are slower than the
standard type, and Bugzilla does not yet take advantage of features
such as transactions which would justify this speed decrease. The
Bugzilla team are, however, happy to hear about any experiences with
row level locking and Bugzilla.</para>
<para>The <quote>shadowdb</quote>
parameter was designed to get around this limitation. While only a
single user is allowed to write to a table at a time, reads can
continue unimpeded on a read-only shadow copy of the database.
Although your database size will double, a shadow database can cause
an enormous performance improvement when implemented on extremely
high-traffic Bugzilla databases.</para>
<para>Set "shadowdb" to "bug_shadowdb" if you will be running a
*very* large installation of Bugzilla. The shadow database enables
many simultaneous users to read and write to the database without
interfering with one another.
<note>
<para>Enabling "shadowdb" can adversely affect the stability of
your installation of Bugzilla. You should regularly check that your
database is in sync. It is often advisable to force a shadow
database sync nightly via
<quote>cron</quote>
.</para>
</note>
Once again, in testing you should avoid this option -- use it if or
when you
<emphasis>need</emphasis>
to use it, and have repeatedly run into the problem it was designed
to solve -- very long wait times while attempting to commit a change
to the database. Mozilla.org began needing
<para>
As a guide, on reasonably old hardware, mozilla.org began needing
<quote>shadowdb</quote>
when they reached around 40,000 Bugzilla users with several hundred
Bugzilla bug changes and comments per day.</para>
<para>If you use the "shadowdb" option, it is only natural that you
should turn the "queryagainstshadowdb" option "On" as well. Otherwise
you are replicating data into a shadow database for no reason!</para>
<para>The value of the parameter defines the name of the
shadow bug database. You will need to set the host and port settings
from the params page, and set up replication in your database server
so that updates reach this readonly mirror. Consult your database
documentation for more detail.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<quote>headerhtml</quote>
,
<quote>footerhtml</quote>
,
<quote>errorhtml</quote>
,
<quote>bannerhtml</quote>
, and
<quote>blurbhtml</quote>
are all templates which control display of headers, footers, errors,
banners, and additional data. We could go into some detail regarding
the usage of these, but it is really best just to monkey around with
them a bit to see what they do. I strongly recommend you copy your
<filename>data/params</filename>
file somewhere safe before playing with these values, though. If they
are changed dramatically, it may make it impossible for you to
display Bugzilla pages to fix the problem until you have restored
your
<filename>data/params</filename>
file.</para>
<para>If you have custom logos or HTML you must put in place to fit
within your site design guidelines, place the code in the
"headerhtml", "footerhtml", "errorhtml", "bannerhtml", or "blurbhtml"
text boxes.
<note>
<para>The "headerhtml" text box is the HTML printed out
<emphasis>before</emphasis>
<command>shutdownhtml</command>:
any other code on the page, except the CONTENT-TYPE header sent by
the Bugzilla engine. If you have a special banner, put the code for
it in "bannerhtml". You may want to leave these settings at the
defaults initially.</para>
</note>
If you need to shut down Bugzilla to perform administration, enter
some descriptive HTML here and anyone who tries to use Bugzilla will
receive a page to that effect. Obviously, editparams.cgi will
still be accessible so you can remove the HTML and re-enable Bugzilla.
:-)
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<quote>passwordmail</quote>
<command>passwordmail</command>:
is rather simple. Every time a user creates an account, the text of
this parameter is read as the text to send to the new user along with
Every time a user creates an account, the text of
this parameter (with substitutions) is sent to the new user along with
their password message.</para>
<para>Add any text you wish to the "passwordmail" parameter box. For
......@@ -217,47 +119,44 @@
blurb about how to use Bugzilla at your site.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<quote>useqacontact</quote>
allows you to define an email address for each component, in addition
to that of the default owner, who will be sent carbon copies of
incoming bugs. The critical difference between a QA Contact and an
Owner is that the QA Contact follows the component. If you reassign a
bug from component A to component B, the QA Contact for that bug will
change with the reassignment, regardless of owner.</para>
<command>movebugs</command>:
This option is an undocumented feature to allow moving bugs
between separate Bugzilla installations. You will need to understand
the source code in order to use this feature. Please consult
<filename>movebugs.pl</filename> in your Bugzilla source tree for
further documentation, such as it is.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<quote>usestatuswhiteboard</quote>
<command>useqacontact</command>:
defines whether you wish to have a free-form, overwritable field
This allows you to define an email address for each component, in
addition
to that of the default owner, who will be sent carbon copies of
incoming bugs.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>
<command>usestatuswhiteboard</command>:
This defines whether you wish to have a free-form, overwritable field
associated with each bug. The advantage of the Status Whiteboard is
that it can be deleted or modified with ease, and provides an
easily-searchable field for indexing some bugs that have some trait
in common. Many people will put
<quote>help wanted</quote>
,
<quote>stalled</quote>
, or
<quote>waiting on reply from somebody</quote>
messages into the Status Whiteboard field so those who peruse the
bugs are aware of their status even more than that which can be
indicated by the Resolution fields.</para>
<para>Do you want to use the QA Contact ("useqacontact") and status
whiteboard ("usestatuswhiteboard") fields? These fields are useful
because they allow for more flexibility, particularly when you have
an existing Quality Assurance and/or Release Engineering team, but
they may not be needed for many smaller installations.</para>
in common.
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Set "whinedays" to the amount of days you want to let bugs go
in the "New" or "Reopened" state before notifying people they have
<para>
<command>whinedays</command>:
Set this to the number of days you want to let bugs go
in the NEW or REOPENED state before notifying people they have
untouched new bugs. If you do not plan to use this feature, simply do
not set up the whining cron job described in the installation
instructions, or set this value to "0" (never whine).</para>
......@@ -265,8 +164,8 @@
<step>
<para>
<quote>commenton</quote>
<command>commenton*</command>:
All these
fields allow you to dictate what changes can pass without comment,
and which must have a comment from the person who changed them.
Often, administrators will allow users to add themselves to the CC
......@@ -288,30 +187,17 @@
</step>
<step>
<para>The
<quote>supportwatchers</quote>
<para>
<command>supportwatchers</command>:
option can be an exceptionally powerful tool in the hands of a power
Bugzilla user. By enabling this option, you allow users to receive
email updates whenever other users receive email updates. This is, of
Turning on this option allows users to ask to receive copies of
all a particular other user's bug email. This is, of
course, subject to the groupset restrictions on the bug; if the
<quote>watcher</quote>
would not normally be allowed to view a bug, the watcher cannot get
around the system by setting herself up to watch the bugs of someone
with bugs outside her privileges. She would still only receive email
updates for those bugs she could normally view.</para>
<para>For Bugzilla sites which require strong inter-Product security
to prevent snooping, watchers are not a good idea.</para>
<para>However, for most sites you should set
<quote>supportwatchers</quote>
to "On". This feature is helpful for team leads to monitor progress
in their respective areas, and can offer many other benefits, such as
allowing a developer to pick up a former engineer's bugs without
requiring her to change all the information in the bug.</para>
with bugs outside her privileges. They would still only receive email
updates for those bugs she could normally view.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</section>
......@@ -319,120 +205,45 @@
<section id="useradmin">
<title>User Administration</title>
<para>User administration is one of the easiest parts of Bugzilla.
Keeping it from getting out of hand, however, can become a
challenge.</para>
<section id="defaultuser">
<title>Creating the Default User</title>
<para>When you first run checksetup.pl after installing Bugzilla, it
will prompt you for the administrative username (email address) and
password for this "super user". If for some reason you were to delete
password for this "super user". If for some reason you delete
the "super user" account, re-running checksetup.pl will again prompt
you for this username and password.</para>
<tip>
<para>If you wish to add more administrative users, you must use the
MySQL interface. Run "mysql" from the command line, and use these
commands ("mysql&gt;" denotes the mysql prompt, not something you
should type in):
<command>
<prompt>mysql&gt;</prompt>
use bugs;</command>
<command>
<prompt>mysql&gt;</prompt>
update profiles set groupset=0x7ffffffffffffff where login_name =
"(user's login name)";</command>
<para>If you wish to add more administrative users, add them to
the "admin" group and, optionally, add edit the tweakparams, editusers,
creategroups, editcomponents, and editkeywords groups to add the
entire admin group to those groups.
</para>
<para>Yes, that is
<emphasis>fourteen</emphasis>
<quote>f</quote>
's. A whole lot of f-ing going on if you want to create a new
administator.</para>
</tip>
</section>
<section id="manageusers">
<title>Managing Other Users</title>
<section id="login">
<title>Logging In</title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Open the index.html page for your Bugzilla installation in
your browser window.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Click the "Query Existing Bug Reports" link.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Click the "Log In" link at the foot of the page.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Type your email address, and the password which was emailed
to you when you created your Bugzilla account, into the spaces
provided.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>Congratulations, you are logged in!</para>
</section>
<section id="createnewusers">
<title>Creating new users</title>
<para>Your users can create their own user accounts by clicking the
"New Account" link at the bottom of each page. However, should you
"New Account" link at the bottom of each page (assuming they
aren't logged in as someone else already.) However, should you
desire to create user accounts ahead of time, here is how you do
it.</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>After logging in, click the "Users" link at the footer of
the query page.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>To see a specific user, type a portion of their login name
in the box provided and click "submit". To see all users, simply
click the "submit" button. You must click "submit" here to be
able to add a new user.</para>
<tip>
<para>More functionality is available via the list on the
right-hand side of the text entry box. You can match what you
type as a case-insensitive substring (the default) of all users
on your system, a case-sensitive regular expression (please see
the
<command>man regexp</command>
manual page for details on regular expression syntax), or a
<emphasis>reverse</emphasis>
regular expression match, where every user name which does NOT
match the regular expression is selected.</para>
</tip>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Click the "Add New User" link at the bottom of the user
list</para>
the query page, and then click "Add a new user".</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Fill out the form presented. This page is self-explanatory.
When done, click "submit".</para>
When done, click "Submit".</para>
<note>
<para>Adding a user this way will
......@@ -453,84 +264,71 @@
</orderedlist>
</section>
<section id="disableusers">
<title>Disabling Users</title>
<para>I bet you noticed that big "Disabled Text" entry box available
from the "Add New User" screen, when you edit an account? By entering
any text in this box and selecting "submit", you have prevented the
user from using Bugzilla via the web interface. Your explanation,
written in this text box, will be presented to the user the next time
she attempts to use the system.
<warning>
<para>Don't disable your own administrative account, or you will
hate life!</para>
<para>At this time,
<quote>Disabled Text</quote>
does not prevent a user from using the email interface. If you have
the email interface enabled, they can still continue to submit bugs
and comments that way. We need a patch to fix this.</para>
</warning>
</para>
</section>
<section id="modifyusers">
<title>Modifying Users</title>
<para>Here I will attempt to describe the function of each option on
the Edit User screen.</para>
<para>To see a specific user, search for their login name
in the box provided on the "Edit Users" page. To see all users,
leave the box blank.</para>
<para>You can search in different ways the listbox to the right
of the text entry box. You can match by
case-insensitive substring (the default),
regular expression, or a
<emphasis>reverse</emphasis>
regular expression match, which finds every user name which does NOT
match the regular expression. (Please see
the <command>man regexp</command>
manual page for details on regular expression syntax.)
</para>
<para>Once you have found your user, you can change the following
fields:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Login Name</emphasis>
: This is generally the user's email address. However, if you
have edited your system parameters, this may just be the user's
login name or some other identifier.
<tip>
<para>For compatability reasons, you should probably stick with
email addresses as user login names. It will make your life
easier.</para>
</tip>
<emphasis>Login Name</emphasis>:
This is generally the user's full email address. However, if you
have are using the emailsuffix Param, this may just be the user's
login name. Note that users can now change their login names
themselves (to any valid email address.)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Real Name</emphasis>
: Duh!</para>
<emphasis>Real Name</emphasis>: The user's real name. Note that
Bugzilla does not require this to create an account.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Password</emphasis>
: You can change the user password here. It is normal to only see
asterisks.</para>
<emphasis>Password</emphasis>:
You can change the user's password here. Users can automatically
request a new password, so you shouldn't need to do this often.
If you want to disable an account, see Disable Text below.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Disable Text</emphasis>
: If you type anything in this box, including just a space, the
user account is disabled from making any changes to bugs via the
web interface, and what you type in this box is presented as the
reason.
<emphasis>Disable Text</emphasis>:
If you type anything in this box, including just a space, the
user is prevented from logging in, or making any changes to
bugs via the web interface.
The HTML you type in this box is presented to the user when
they attempt to perform these actions, and should explain
why the account was disabled.
<warning>
<para>Don't disable the administrator account!</para>
<para>Don't disable all the administrator accounts!</para>
</warning>
<note>
<para>As of this writing, the user can still submit bugs via
the e-mail gateway, if you set it up, despite the disabled text
field. The e-mail gateway should
<para>The user can still submit bugs via
the e-mail gateway, if you set it up, even if the disabled text
field is filled in. The e-mail gateway should
<emphasis>not</emphasis>
be enabled for secure installations of Bugzilla.</para>
</note>
</para>
......@@ -538,830 +336,776 @@
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>CanConfirm</emphasis>
: This field is only used if you have enabled "unconfirmed"
status in your parameters screen. If you enable this for a user,
that user can then move bugs from "Unconfirmed" to "Confirmed"
status (e.g.: "New" status). Be judicious about allowing users to
turn this bit on for other users.</para>
<emphasis>&lt;groupname&gt;</emphasis>:
If you have created some groups, e.g. "securitysensitive", then
checkboxes will appear here to allow you to add users to, or
remove them from, these groups.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Creategroups</emphasis>
: This option will allow a user to create and destroy groups in
Bugzilla. Unless you are using the Bugzilla GroupSentry security
option "usebuggroupsentry" in your parameters, this setting has
no effect.</para>
<emphasis>canconfirm</emphasis>:
This field is only used if you have enabled the "unconfirmed"
status. If you enable this for a user,
that user can then move bugs from "Unconfirmed" to a "Confirmed"
status (e.g.: "New" status).</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Editbugs</emphasis>
<emphasis>creategroups</emphasis>:
This option will allow a user to create and destroy groups in
Bugzilla.</para>
</listitem>
: Unless a user has this bit set, they can only edit those bugs
for which they are the assignee or the reporter.
<note>
<para>Leaving this option unchecked does not prevent users from
adding comments to a bug! They simply cannot change a bug
priority, severity, etc. unless they are the assignee or
reporter.</para>
</note>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>editbugs</emphasis>:
Unless a user has this bit set, they can only edit those bugs
for which they are the assignee or the reporter. Even if this
option is unchecked, users can still add comments to bugs.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Editcomponents</emphasis>
: This flag allows a user to create new products and components,
<emphasis>editcomponents</emphasis>:
This flag allows a user to create new products and components,
as well as modify and destroy those that have no bugs associated
with them. If a product or component has bugs associated with it,
those bugs must be moved to a different product or component
before Bugzilla will allow them to be destroyed. The name of a
product or component can be changed without affecting the
associated bugs, but it tends to annoy the hell out of your users
when these change a lot.</para>
before Bugzilla will allow them to be destroyed.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Editkeywords</emphasis>
: If you use Bugzilla's keyword functionality, enabling this
feature allows a user can create and destroy keywords. As always,
<emphasis>editkeywords</emphasis>:
If you use Bugzilla's keyword functionality, enabling this
feature allows a user to create and destroy keywords. As always,
the keywords for existing bugs containing the keyword the user
wishes to destroy must be changed before Bugzilla will allow it
to die. You must be very careful about creating too many new
keywords if you run a very large Bugzilla installation; keywords
are global variables across products, and you can often run into
a phenomenon called "keyword bloat". This confuses users, and
then the feature goes unused.</para>
to die.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>Editusers</emphasis>
: This flag allows a user do what you're doing right now: edit
<emphasis>editusers</emphasis>:
This flag allows a user to do what you're doing right now: edit
other users. This will allow those with the right to do so to
remove administrator privileges from other users or grant them to
themselves. Enable with care.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>tweakparams</emphasis>:
This flag allows a user to change Bugzilla's Params
(using <filename>editparams.cgi</filename>.)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>PRODUCT</emphasis>
: PRODUCT bugs access. This allows an administrator, with
product-level granularity, to specify in which products a user
can edit bugs. The user must still have the "editbugs" privelege
to edit bugs in this area; this simply restricts them from even
seeing bugs outside these boundaries if the administrator has
enabled the group sentry parameter "usebuggroupsentry". Unless
you are using bug groups, this option has no effect.</para>
<emphasis>&lt;productname&gt;</emphasis>:
This allows an administrator to specify the products in which
a user can see bugs. The user must still have the
"editbugs" privilege to edit bugs in these products.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="programadmin">
<title>Product, Component, Milestone, and Version Administration</title>
<section id="products">
<title>Products</title>
<epigraph>
<para>Dear Lord, we have to get our users to do WHAT?</para>
</epigraph>
<para>
<glossterm linkend="gloss-product" baseform="product">
Products</glossterm>
<section id="products">
<title>Products</title>
are the broadest category in Bugzilla, and tend to represent real-world
shipping products. E.g. if your company makes computer games,
you should have one product per game, perhaps a "Common" product for
units of technology used in multiple games, and maybe a few special
products (Website, Administration...)</para>
<subtitle>Formerly, and in some spots still, called
"Programs"</subtitle>
<para>Many of Bugzilla's settings are configurable on a per-product
basis. The number of "votes" available to users is set per-product,
as is the number of votes
required to move a bug automatically from the UNCONFIRMED status to the
NEW status.</para>
<para>
<glossterm linkend="gloss-product" baseform="product">
Products</glossterm>
<para>To create a new product:</para>
are the broadest category in Bugzilla, and you should have the least of
these. If your company makes computer games, you should have one
product per game, and possibly a few special products (website,
meetings...)</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select "products" from the footer</para>
<para>A Product (formerly called "Program", and still referred to that
way in some portions of the source code) controls some very important
functions. The number of "votes" available for users to vote for the
most important bugs is set per-product, as is the number of votes
required to move a bug automatically from the UNCONFIRMED status to the
NEW status. One can close a Product for further bug entry and define
various Versions available from the Edit product screen.</para>
</listitem>
<para>To create a new product:</para>
<listitem>
<para>Select the "Add" link in the bottom right</para>
</listitem>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select "components" from the yellow footer</para>
<listitem>
<para>Enter the name of the product and a description. The
Description field may contain HTML.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<tip>
<para>It may seem counterintuitive to click "components" when you
want to edit the properties associated with Products. This is one
of a long list of things we want in Bugzilla 3.0...</para>
</tip>
</listitem>
<para>Don't worry about the "Closed for bug entry", "Maximum Votes
per person", "Maximum votes a person can put on a single bug",
"Number of votes a bug in this Product needs to automatically get out
of the UNCOMFIRMED state", and "Version" options yet. We'll cover
those in a few moments.
</para>
</section>
<listitem>
<para>Select the "Add" link to the right of "Add a new
product".</para>
</listitem>
<section id="components">
<title>Components</title>
<para>Components are subsections of a Product. E.g. the computer game
you are designing may have a "UI"
component, an "API" component, a "Sound System" component, and a
"Plugins" component, each overseen by a different programmer. It
often makes sense to divide Components in Bugzilla according to the
natural divisions of responsibility within your Product or
company.</para>
<para>
Each component has a owner and (if you turned it on in the parameters),
a QA Contact. The owner should be the primary person who fixes bugs in
that component. The QA Contact should be the person who will ensure
these bugs are completely fixed. The Owner, QA Contact, and Reporter
will get email when new bugs are created in this Component and when
these bugs change. Default Owner and Default QA Contact fields only
dictate the
<emphasis>default assignments</emphasis>;
these can be changed on bug submission, or at any later point in
a bug's life.</para>
<para>To create a new Component:</para>
<listitem>
<para>Enter the name of the product and a description. The
Description field is free-form.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select the "Edit components" link from the "Edit product"
page</para>
</listitem>
<tip>
<para>Don't worry about the "Closed for bug entry", "Maximum Votes
per person", "Maximum votes a person can put on a single bug",
"Number of votes a bug in this Product needs to automatically get out
of the UNCOMFIRMED state", and "Version" options yet. We'll cover
those in a few moments.</para>
</tip>
</section>
<listitem>
<para>Select the "Add" link in the bottom right.</para>
</listitem>
<section id="components">
<title>Components</title>
<para>Components are subsections of a Product.
<example>
<title>Creating some Components</title>
<informalexample>
<para>The computer game you are designing may have a "UI"
component, an "API" component, a "Sound System" component, and a
"Plugins" component, each overseen by a different programmer. It
often makes sense to divide Components in Bugzilla according to the
natural divisions of responsibility within your Product or
company.</para>
</informalexample>
</example>
Each component has a owner and (if you turned it on in the parameters),
a QA Contact. The owner should be the primary person who fixes bugs in
that component. The QA Contact should be the person who will ensure
these bugs are completely fixed. The Owner, QA Contact, and Reporter
will get email when new bugs are created in this Component and when
these bugs change. Default Owner and Default QA Contact fields only
dictate the
<emphasis>default assignments</emphasis>
; the Owner and QA Contact fields in a bug are otherwise unrelated to
the Component.</para>
<para>To create a new Component:</para>
<listitem>
<para>Fill out the "Component" field, a short "Description",
the "Initial Owner" and "Initial QA Contact" (if enabled.)
The Component and Description fields may contain HTML;
the "Initial Owner" field must be a login name
already existing in the database.
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select the "Edit components" link from the "Edit product"
page</para>
</listitem>
<section id="versions">
<title>Versions</title>
<listitem>
<para>Select the "Add" link to the right of the "Add a new
component" text on the "Select Component" page.</para>
</listitem>
<para>Versions are the revisions of the product, such as "Flinders
3.1", "Flinders 95", and "Flinders 2000". Version is not a multi-select
field; the usual practice is to select the earliest version known to have
the bug.
</para>
<listitem>
<para>Fill out the "Component" field, a short "Description", and
the "Initial Owner". The Component and Description fields are
free-form; the "Initial Owner" field must be that of a user ID
already existing in the database. If the initial owner does not
exist, Bugzilla will refuse to create the component.
<tip>
<para>Is your "Default Owner" a user who is not yet in the
database? No problem.
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select the "Log out" link on the footer of the
page.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Select the "New Account" link on the footer of the
"Relogin" page</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Type in the email address of the default owner you want
to create in the "E-mail address" field, and her full name in
the "Real name" field, then select the "Submit Query"
button.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Now select "Log in" again, type in your login
information, and you can modify the product to use the
Default Owner information you require.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</para>
</tip>
</para>
</listitem>
<para>To create and edit Versions:</para>
<listitem>
<para>Either Edit more components or return to the Bugzilla Query
Page. To return to the Product you were editing, you must select
the Components link as before.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>From the "Edit product" screen, select "Edit Versions"</para>
</listitem>
<section id="versions">
<title>Versions</title>
<para>Versions are the revisions of the product, such as "Flinders
3.1", "Flinders 95", and "Flinders 2000". Using Versions helps you
isolate code changes and are an aid in reporting.
<example>
<title>Common Use of Versions</title>
<informalexample>
<para>A user reports a bug against Version "Beta 2.0" of your
product. The current Version of your software is "Release Candidate
1", and no longer has the bug. This will help you triage and
classify bugs according to their relevance. It is also possible
people may report bugs against bleeding-edge beta versions that are
not evident in older versions of the software. This can help
isolate code changes that caused the bug</para>
</informalexample>
</example>
<example>
<title>A Different Use of Versions</title>
<informalexample>
<para>This field has been used to good effect by an online service
provider in a slightly different way. They had three versions of
the product: "Production", "QA", and "Dev". Although it may be the
same product, a bug in the development environment is not normally
as critical as a Production bug, nor does it need to be reported
publicly. When used in conjunction with Target Milestones, one can
easily specify the environment where a bug can be reproduced, and
the Milestone by which it will be fixed.</para>
</informalexample>
</example>
<listitem>
<para>You will notice that the product already has the default
version "undefined". Click the "Add" link in the bottom right.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Enter the name of the Version. This field takes text only.
Then click the "Add" button.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<section id="milestones">
<title>Milestones</title>
<para>Milestones are "targets" that you plan to get a bug fixed by. For
example, you have a bug that you plan to fix for your 3.0 release, it
would be assigned the milestone of 3.0.</para>
<note>
<para>Milestone options will only appear for a Product if you turned
on the "usetargetmilestone" Param in the "Edit Parameters" screen.
</para>
</note>
<para>To create and edit Versions:</para>
<para>To create new Milestones, set Default Milestones, and set
Milestone URL:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>From the "Edit product" screen, select "Edit Versions"</para>
</listitem>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select "Edit milestones" from the "Edit product" page.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>You will notice that the product already has the default
version "undefined". If your product doesn't use version numbers,
you may want to leave this as it is or edit it so that it is "---".
You can then go back to the edit versions page and add new versions
to your product.</para>
<para>Otherwise, click the "Add" button to the right of the "Add a
new version" text.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Select "Add" in the bottom right corner.
text</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Enter the name of the Version. This can be free-form
characters up to the limit of the text box. Then select the "Add"
button.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Enter the name of the Milestone in the "Milestone" field. You
can optionally set the "sortkey", which is a positive or negative
number (-255 to 255) that defines where in the list this particular
milestone appears. This is because milestones often do not
occur in alphanumeric order For example, "Future" might be
after "Release 1.2". Select "Add".</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>At this point you can select "Edit" to edit more Versions, or
return to the "Query" page, from which you can navigate back to the
product through the "components" link at the foot of the Query
page.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<listitem>
<para>From the Edit product screen, you can enter the URL of a
page which gives information about your milestones and what
they mean. </para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<section id="voting">
<title>Voting</title>
<section id="milestones">
<title>Milestones</title>
<para>Voting allows users to be given a pot of votes which they can allocate
to bugs, to indicate that they'd like them fixed.
This allows developers to gauge
user need for a particular enhancement or bugfix. By allowing bugs with
a certain number of votes to automatically move from "UNCONFIRMED" to
"NEW", users of the bug system can help high-priority bugs garner
attention so they don't sit for a long time awaiting triage.</para>
<para>Milestones are "targets" that you plan to get a bug fixed by. For
example, you have a bug that you plan to fix for your 3.0 release, it
would be assigned the milestone of 3.0. Or, you have a bug that you
plan to fix for 2.8, this would have a milestone of 2.8.</para>
<para>To modify Voting settings:</para>
<note>
<para>Milestone options will only appear for a Product if you turned
the "usetargetmilestone" field in the "Edit Parameters" screen
"On".</para>
</note>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Navigate to the "Edit product" screen for the Product you
wish to modify</para>
</listitem>
<para>To create new Milestones, set Default Milestones, and set
Milestone URL:</para>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>Maximum Votes per person</emphasis>:
Setting this field to "0" disables voting.</para>
</listitem>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select "edit milestones"</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>Maximum Votes a person can put on a single
bug</emphasis>:
It should probably be some number lower than the
"Maximum votes per person". Don't set this field to "0" if
"Maximum votes per person" is non-zero; that doesn't make
any sense.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><emphasis>Number of votes a bug in this product needs to
automatically get out of the UNCONFIRMED state</emphasis>:
Setting this field to "0" disables the automatic move of
bugs from UNCONFIRMED to NEW.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Once you have adjusted the values to your preference, click
"Update".</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<section id="quips">
<title>Quips</title>
<para>
Quips are small text messages that can be configured to appear
next to search results. A Bugzilla installation can have its own specific
quips. Whenever a quip needs to be displayed, a random selection
is made from the pool of already existing quips.
</para>
<para>
Quips are controlled by the <emphasis>enablequips</emphasis> parameter.
It has several possible values: on, approved, frozen or off.
In order to enable quips approval you need to set this parameter
to "approved". In this way, users are free to submit quips for
addition but an administrator must explicitly approve them before
they are actually used.
</para>
<para>
In order to see the user interface for the quips, it is enough to click
on a quip when it is displayed together with the search results. Or
it can be seen directly in the browser by visiting the quips.cgi URL
(prefixed with the usual web location of the Bugzilla installation).
Once the quip interface is displayed, it is enough to click the
"view and edit the whole quip list" in order to see the administration
page. A page with all the quips available in the database will
be displayed.
</para>
<para>
Next to each tip there is a checkbox, under the
"Approved" column. Quips who have this checkbox checked are
already approved and will appear next to the search results.
The ones that have it unchecked are still preserved in the
database but they will not appear on search results pages.
User submitted quips have initially the checkbox unchecked.
</para>
<para>
Also, there is a delete link next to each quip,
which can be used in order to permanently delete a quip.
</para>
</section>
<section id="groups">
<title>Groups and Group Security</title>
<para>Groups allow the administrator
to isolate bugs or products that should only be seen by certain people.
The association between products and groups is controlled from
the product edit page under <quote>Edit Group Controls.</quote>
</para>
<para>
If the makeproductgroups param is on, a new group will be automatically
created for every new product. It is primarily available for backward
compatibility with older sites.
</para>
<para>
Note that group permissions are such that you need to be a member
of <emphasis>all</emphasis> the groups a bug is in, for whatever
reason, to see that bug. Similarly, you must be a member
of <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the entry groups for a product
to add bugs to a product and you must be a member
of <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the canedit groups for a product
in order to make <emphasis>any</emphasis> change to bugs in that
product.
</para>
<section>
<title>Creating Groups</title>
<para>To create Groups:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select "Add" to the right of the "Add a new milestone"
text</para>
<para>Select the <quote>groups</quote>
link in the footer.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Enter the name of the Milestone in the "Milestone" field. You
can optionally set the "Sortkey", which is a positive or negative
number (-255 to 255) that defines where in the list this particular
milestone appears. Select "Add".</para>
<example>
<title>Using SortKey with Target Milestone</title>
<informalexample>
<para>Let's say you create a target milestone called "Release
1.0", with Sortkey set to "0". Later, you realize that you will
have a public beta, called "Beta1". You can create a Milestone
called "Beta1", with a Sortkey of "-1" in order to ensure
people will see the Target Milestone of "Beta1" earlier on the
list than "Release 1.0"</para>
</informalexample>
</example>
<para>Take a moment to understand the instructions on the <quote>Edit
Groups</quote> screen, then select the <quote>Add Group</quote> link.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>If you want to add more milestones, select the "Edit" link.
If you don't, well shoot, you have to go back to the "query" page
and select "components" again, and make your way back to the
Product you were editing.
<note>
<para>This is another in the list of unusual user interface
decisions that we'd like to get cleaned up. Shouldn't there be a
link to the effect of "edit the Product I was editing when I
ended up here"? In any case, clicking "components" in the footer
takes you back to the "Select product" screen, from which you can
begin editing your product again.</para>
</note>
</para>
<para>Fill out the <quote>Group</quote>, <quote>Description</quote>,
and <quote>User RegExp</quote> fields.
<quote>User RegExp</quote> allows you to automatically
place all users who fulfill the Regular Expression into the new group.
When you have finished, click <quote>Add</quote>.</para>
<para>Users whose email addresses match the regular expression
will automatically be members of the group as long as their
email addresses continue to match the regular expression.</para>
<note>
<para>This is a change from 2.16 where the regular expression
resulted in a user acquiring permanent membership in a group.
To remove a user from a group the user was in due to a regular
expression in version 2.16 or earlier, the user must be explicitly
removed from the group.</para>
</note>
<warning>
<para>If specifying a domain in the regexp, make sure you end
the regexp with a $. Otherwise, when granting access to
"@mycompany\.com", you will allow access to
'badperson@mycompany.com.cracker.net'. You need to use
'@mycompany\.com$' as the regexp.</para>
</warning>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>From the Edit product screen again (once you've made your way
back), enter the URL for a description of what your milestones are
for this product in the "Milestone URL" field. It should be of the
format "http://www.foo.com/bugzilla/product_milestones.html"</para>
<para>Some common uses of this field include product descriptions,
product roadmaps, and of course a simple description of the meaning
of each milestone.</para>
<para>If you plan to use this group to directly control
access to bugs, check the "use for bugs" box. Groups
not used for bugs are still useful because other groups
can include the group as a whole.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>If you're using Target Milestones, the "Default Milestone"
field must have some kind of entry. If you really don't care if
people set coherent Target Milestones, simply leave this at the
default, "---". However, controlling and regularly updating the
Default Milestone field is a powerful tool when reporting the
status of projects.</para>
<para>Select the "Update" button when you are done.</para>
<para>After you add your new group, edit the new group. On the
edit page, you can specify other groups that should be included
in this group and which groups should be permitted to add and delete
users from this group.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<section id="voting">
<title>Voting</title>
<para>The concept of "voting" is a poorly understood, yet powerful
feature for the management of open-source projects. Each user is
assigned so many Votes per product, which they can freely reassign (or
assign multiple votes to a single bug). This allows developers to gauge
user need for a particular enhancement or bugfix. By allowing bugs with
a certain number of votes to automatically move from "UNCONFIRMED" to
"NEW", users of the bug system can help high-priority bugs garner
attention so they don't sit for a long time awaiting triage.</para>
<para>The daunting challenge of Votes is deciding where you draw the
line for a "vocal majority". If you only have a user base of 100 users,
setting a low threshold for bugs to move from UNCONFIRMED to NEW makes
sense. As the Bugzilla user base expands, however, these thresholds
must be re-evaluated. You should gauge whether this feature is worth
the time and close monitoring involved, and perhaps forego
implementation until you have a critical mass of users who demand
it.</para>
<para>To modify Voting settings:</para>
<section>
<title>Assigning Users to Groups</title>
<para>Users can become a member of a group in several ways.</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Navigate to the "Edit product" screen for the Product you
wish to modify</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Set "Maximum Votes per person" to your calculated value.
Setting this field to "0" disables voting.</para>
<para>The user can be explicitly placed in the group by editing
the user's own profile</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Set "Maximum Votes a person can put on a single bug" to your
calculated value. It should probably be some number lower than the
"Maximum votes per person". Setting this field to "0" disables
voting, but leaves the voting options open to the user. This is
confusing.</para>
<para>The group can include another group of which the user is
a member.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Set "Number of votes a bug in this product needs to
automatically get out of the UNCONFIRMED state" to your calculated
number. Setting this field to "0" disables the automatic move of
bugs from UNCONFIRMED to NEW. Some people advocate leaving this at
"0", but of what use are Votes if your Bugzilla user base is unable
to affect which bugs appear on Development radar?
<tip>
<para>You should probably set this number to higher than a small
coalition of Bugzilla users can influence it. Most sites use this
as a "referendum" mechanism -- if users are able to vote a bug
out of UNCONFIRMED, it is a
<emphasis>really</emphasis>
bad bug!</para>
</tip>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Once you have adjusted the values to your preference, select
the "Update" button.</para>
<para>The user's email address can match a regular expression
that the group specifies to automatically grant membership to
the group.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
<section id="groups">
<title>Groups and Group Security</title>
<para>Groups can be very useful in bugzilla, because they allow users
to isolate bugs or products that should only be seen by certain people.
Groups can also be a complicated minefield of interdependencies and
weirdness if mismanaged.
<example>
<title>When to Use Group Security</title>
<informalexample>
<para>Many Bugzilla sites isolate "Security-related" bugs from all
other bugs. This way, they can have a fix ready before the security
vulnerability is announced to the world. You can create a
"Security" product which, by default, has no members, and only add
members to the group (in their individual User page, as described
under User Administration) who should have priveleged access to
"Security" bugs. Alternately, you may create a Group independently
of any Product, and change the Group mask on individual bugs to
restrict access to members only of certain Groups.</para>
</informalexample>
</example>
Groups only work if you enable the "usebuggroups" paramater. In
addition, if the "usebuggroupsentry" parameter is "On", one can
restrict access to products by groups, so that only members of a
product group are able to view bugs within that product. Group security
in Bugzilla can be divided into two categories: Generic and
Product-Based.</para>
<note>
<para>Groups in Bugzilla are a complicated beast that evolved out of
very simple user permission bitmasks, apparently itself derived from
common concepts in UNIX access controls. A "bitmask" is a
fixed-length number whose value can describe one, and only one, set
of states. For instance, UNIX file permissions are assigned bitmask
values: "execute" has a value of 1, "write" has a value of 2, and
"read" has a value of 4. Add them together, and a file can be read,
written to, and executed if it has a bitmask of "7". (This is a
simplified example -- anybody who knows UNIX security knows there is
much more to it than this. Please bear with me for the purpose of
this note.) The only way a bitmask scheme can work is by doubling the
bit count for each value. Thus if UNIX wanted to offer another file
permission, the next would have to be a value of 8, then the next 16,
the next 32, etc.</para>
<para>Similarly, Bugzilla offers a bitmask to define group
permissions, with an internal limit of 64. Several are already
occupied by built-in permissions. The way around this limitation is
to avoid assigning groups to products if you have many products,
avoid bloating of group lists, and religiously prune irrelevant
groups. In reality, most installations of Bugzilla support far fewer
than 64 groups, so this limitation has not hit for most sites, but it
is on the table to be revised for Bugzilla 3.0 because it interferes
with the security schemes of some administrators.</para>
</note>
<para>To enable Generic Group Security ("usebuggroups"):</para>
<section>
<title>Assigning Group Controls to Products</title>
<para>
On the product edit page, there is a page to edit the
<quote>Group Controls</quote>
for a product. This allows you to
configure how a group relates to the product.
Groups may be applicable, default,
and mandatory as well as used to control entry
or used to make bugs in the product
totally read-only unless the group restrictions are met.
</para>
<para>
For each group, it is possible to specify if membership in that
group is...
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Turn "On" "usebuggroups" in the "Edit Parameters"
screen.</para>
<para>
required for bug entry,
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>You will generally have no groups set up. Select the "groups"
link in the footer.</para>
<para>
Not applicable to this product(NA),
a possible restriction for a member of the
group to place on a bug in this product(Shown),
a default restriction for a member of the
group to place on a bug in this product(Default),
or a mandatory restriction to be placed on bugs
in this product(Mandatory).
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Take a moment to understand the instructions on the "Edit
Groups" screen. Once you feel confident you understand what is
expected of you, select the "Add Group" link.</para>
<para>
Not applicable by non-members to this product(NA),
a possible restriction for a non-member of the
group to place on a bug in this product(Shown),
a default restriction for a non-member of the
group to place on a bug in this product(Default),
or a mandatory restriction to be placed on bugs
in this product when entered by a non-member(Mandatory).
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Fill out the "New Name" (remember, no spaces!), "New
Description", and "New User RegExp" fields. "New User RegExp"
allows you to automatically place all users who fulfill the Regular
Expression into the new group.
<example>
<title>Creating a New Group</title>
<informalexample>
<para>I created a group called DefaultGroup with a description
of
<quote>This is simply a group to play with</quote>
, and a New User RegExp of
<quote>.*@mydomain.tld</quote>
. This new group automatically includes all Bugzilla users with
"@mydomain.tld" at the end of their user id. When I finished,
my new group was assigned bit #128.</para>
</informalexample>
</example>
When you have finished, select the Add button.</para>
<para>
required in order to make <emphasis>any</emphasis> change
to bugs in this product <emphasis>including comments.</emphasis>
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>To enable Product-Based Group Security
(usebuggroupsentry):</para>
<warning>
<para>Don't forget that you only have 64 groups masks available,
total, for your installation of Bugzilla! If you plan on having more
than 50 products in your individual Bugzilla installation, and
require group security for your products, you should consider either
running multiple Bugzillas or using Generic Group Security instead of
Product-Based ("usebuggroupsentry") Group Security.</para>
</warning>
<para>These controls are often described in this order, so a
product that requires a user to be a member of group "foo"
to enter a bug and then requires that the bug stay resticted
to group "foo" at all times and that only members of group "foo"
can edit the bug even if they otherwise could see the bug would
have its controls summarized by...</para>
<programlisting>
foo: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY, CANEDIT
</programlisting>
</section>
<section>
<title>Common Applications of Group Controls</title>
<section>
<title>General User Access With Security Group</title>
<para>To permit any user to file bugs in each product (A, B, C...)
and to permit any user to submit those bugs into a security
group....</para>
<programlisting>
Product A...
security: SHOWN/SHOWN
Product B...
security: SHOWN/SHOWN
Product C...
security: SHOWN/SHOWN
</programlisting>
</section>
<section>
<title>General User Access With A Security Product</title>
<para>To permit any user to file bugs in a Security product
while keeping those bugs from becoming visible to anyone
outside the securityworkers group unless a member of the
securityworkers group removes that restriction....</para>
<programlisting>
Product Security...
securityworkers: DEFAULT/MANDATORY
</programlisting>
</section>
<section>
<title>Product Isolation With Common Group</title>
<para>To permit users of product A to access the bugs for
product A, users of product B to access product B, and support
staff to access both, 3 groups are needed</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Turn "On" "usebuggroups" and "usebuggroupsentry" in the "Edit
Parameters" screen.</para>
<warning>
<para>"usebuggroupsentry" has the capacity to prevent the
administrative user from directly altering bugs because of
conflicting group permissions. If you plan on using
"usebuggroupsentry", you should plan on restricting
administrative account usage to administrative duties only. In
other words, manage bugs with an unpriveleged user account, and
manage users, groups, Products, etc. with the administrative
account.</para>
</warning>
<para>Support: Contains members of the support staff.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>You will generally have no Groups set up, unless you enabled
"usebuggroupsentry" prior to creating any Products. To create
"Generic Group Security" groups, follow the instructions given
above. To create Product-Based Group security, simply follow the
instructions for creating a new Product. If you need to add users
to these new groups as you create them, you will find the option to
add them to the group available under the "Edit User"
screens.</para>
<para>AccessA: Contains users of product A and the Support group.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>AccessB: Contains users of product B and the Support group.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>You may find this example illustrative for how bug groups work.
<example>
<title>Bugzilla Groups</title>
<literallayout>Bugzilla Groups example ----------------------- For
this example, let us suppose we have four groups, call them Group1,
Group2, Group3, and Group4. We have 5 users, User1, User2, User3,
User4, User5. We have 8 bugs, Bug1, ..., Bug8. Group membership is
defined by this chart: (X denotes that user is in that group.) (I
apologize for the nasty formatting of this table. Try viewing it in a
text-based browser or something for now. -MPB) G G G G r r r r o o o
o u u u u p p p p 1 2 3 4 +-+-+-+-+ User1|X| | | | +-+-+-+-+ User2|
|X| | | +-+-+-+-+ User3|X| |X| | +-+-+-+-+ User4|X|X|X| | +-+-+-+-+
User5| | | | | +-+-+-+-+ Bug restrictions are defined by this chart:
(X denotes that bug is restricted to that group.) G G G G r r r r o o
o o u u u u p p p p 1 2 3 4 +-+-+-+-+ Bug1| | | | | +-+-+-+-+ Bug2|
|X| | | +-+-+-+-+ Bug3| | |X| | +-+-+-+-+ Bug4| | | |X| +-+-+-+-+
Bug5|X|X| | | +-+-+-+-+ Bug6|X| |X| | +-+-+-+-+ Bug7|X|X|X| |
+-+-+-+-+ Bug8|X|X|X|X| +-+-+-+-+ Who can see each bug? Bug1 has no
group restrictions. Therefore, Bug1 can be seen by any user, whatever
their group membership. This is going to be the only bug that User5
can see, because User5 isn't in any groups. Bug2 can be seen by
anyone in Group2, that is User2 and User4. Bug3 can be seen by anyone
in Group3, that is User3 and User4. Bug4 can be seen by anyone in
Group4. Nobody is in Group4, so none of these users can see Bug4.
Bug5 can be seen by anyone who is in _both_ Group1 and Group2. This
is only User4. User1 cannot see it because he is not in Group2, and
User2 cannot see it because she is not in Group1. Bug6 can be seen by
anyone who is in both Group1 and Group3. This would include User3 and
User4. Similar to Bug5, User1 cannot see Bug6 because he is not in
Group3. Bug7 can be seen by anyone who is in Group1, Group2, and
Group3. This is only User4. All of the others are missing at least
one of those group privileges, and thus cannot see the bug. Bug8 can
be seen by anyone who is in Group1, Group2, Group3, and Group4. There
is nobody in all four of these groups, so nobody can see Bug8. It
doesn't matter that User4 is in Group1, Group2, and Group3, since he
isn't in Group4.</literallayout>
</example>
</para>
<para>Once these 3 groups are defined, the products group controls
can be set to..</para>
<programlisting>
Product A...
AccessA: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY
Product B...
AccessB: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY
</programlisting>
<para>Optionally, the support group could be permitted to make
bugs inaccessible to the users and could be permitted to publish
bugs relevant to all users in a common product that is read-only
to anyone outside the support group. That configuration could
be...</para>
<programlisting>
Product A...
AccessA: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY
Support: SHOWN/NA
Product B...
AccessB: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY
Support: SHOWN/NA
Product Common...
Support: ENTRY, DEFAULT/MANDATORY, CANEDIT
</programlisting>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="security">
<title>Bugzilla Security</title>
<section id="upgrading">
<title>Upgrading to New Releases</title>
<epigraph>
<para>Putting your money in a wall safe is better protection than
depending on the fact that no one knows that you hide your money in a
mayonnaise jar in your fridge.</para>
</epigraph>
<warning>
<para>Upgrading is a one-way process. You should backup your database
and current Bugzilla directory before attempting the upgrade. If you wish
to revert to the old Bugzilla version for any reason, you will have to
restore from these backups.
</para>
</warning>
<note>
<para>Poorly-configured MySQL, Bugzilla, and FTP installations have
given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take these
guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla machines hidden away behind
your firewall. 80% of all computer trespassers are insiders, not
anonymous crackers.</para>
</note>
<para>Upgrading Bugzilla is something we all want to do from time to time,
be it to get new features or pick up the latest security fix. How easy
it is to update depends on a few factors.
</para>
<para>Secure your installation.
<note>
<para>These instructions must, of necessity, be somewhat vague since
Bugzilla runs on so many different platforms. If you have refinements
of these directions for specific platforms, please submit them to
<ulink url="mailto://mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org">
mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org</ulink>
</para>
</note>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>If the new version is a revision or a new point release</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>How many, if any, local changes have been made</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>There are also three different methods to upgrade your installation.
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Ensure you are running at least MysQL version 3.22.32 or newer.
Earlier versions had notable security holes and poorly secured
default configuration choices.</para>
<para>Using CVS (<xref linkend="upgrade-cvs"/>)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<emphasis>There is no substitute for understanding the tools on your
system!</emphasis>
Read
<ulink
url="http://www.mysql.com/documentation/mysql/bychapter/manual_Privilege_system.html">
The MySQL Privilege System</ulink>
until you can recite it from memory!</para>
<para>At the very least, ensure you password the "mysql -u root"
account and the "bugs" account, establish grant table rights (consult
the Keystone guide in Appendix C: The Bugzilla Database for some
easy-to-use details) that do not allow CREATE, DROP, RELOAD,
SHUTDOWN, and PROCESS for user "bugs". I wrote up the Keystone advice
back when I knew far less about security than I do now : )</para>
<para>Downloading a new tarball (<xref linkend="upgrade-tarball"/>)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Lock down /etc/inetd.conf. Heck, disable inet entirely on this
box. It should only listen to port 25 for Sendmail and port 80 for
Apache.</para>
<para>Applying the relevant patches (<xref linkend="upgrade-patches"/>)</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Do not run Apache as
<quote>nobody</quote>
<para>Which options are available to you may depend on how large a jump
you are making and/or your network configuration.
</para>
. This will require very lax permissions in your Bugzilla
directories. Run it, instead, as a user with a name, set via your
httpd.conf file.
<note>
<para>
<quote>nobody</quote>
<para>Revisions are normally released to fix security vulnerabilities
and are distinguished by an increase in the third number. For example,
when 2.16.6 was released, it was a revision to 2.16.5.
</para>
is a real user on UNIX systems. Having a process run as user id
<quote>nobody</quote>
<para>Point releases are normally released when the Bugzilla team feels
that there has been a significant amount of progress made between the
last point release and the current time. These are often proceeded by a
stabilization period and release candidates, however the use of
development versions or release candidates is beyond the scope of this
document. Point releases can be distinguished by an increase in the
second number, or minor version. For example, 2.18.0 is a newer point
release than 2.16.5.
</para>
is absolutely no protection against system crackers versus using
any other user account. As a general security measure, I recommend
you create unique user ID's for each daemon running on your system
and, if possible, use "chroot" to jail that process away from the
rest of your system.</para>
</note>
</para>
</listitem>
<para>The examples in this section are written as if you were updating
to version 2.18.1. The procedures are the same regardless if you are
updating to a new point release or a new revision. However, the chance
of running into trouble increases when upgrading to a new point release,
escpecially if you've made local changes.
</para>
<listitem>
<para>Ensure you have adequate access controls for the
$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/ and $BUGZILLA_HOME/shadow/ directories, as well
as the $BUGZILLA_HOME/localconfig and $BUGZILLA_HOME/globals.pl
files. The localconfig file stores your "bugs" user password, which
would be terrible to have in the hands of a criminal, while the
"globals.pl" stores some default information regarding your
installation which could aid a system cracker. In addition, some
files under $BUGZILLA_HOME/data/ store sensitive information, and
$BUGZILLA_HOME/shadow/ stores bug information for faster retrieval.
If you fail to secure these directories and this file, you will
expose bug information to those who may not be allowed to see
it.</para>
<para>These examples also assume that your Bugzilla installation is at
<filename>/var/www/html/bugzilla</filename>. If that is not the case,
simply substitute the proper paths where appropriate.
</para>
<note>
<para>Bugzilla provides default .htaccess files to protect the most
common Apache installations. However, you should verify these are
adequate according to the site-wide security policy of your web
server, and ensure that the .htaccess files are allowed to
"override" default permissions set in your Apache configuration
files. Covering Apache security is beyond the scope of this Guide;
please consult the Apache documentation for details.</para>
<para>If you are using a web server that does not support the
.htaccess control method,
<emphasis>you are at risk!</emphasis>
After installing, check to see if you can view the file
"localconfig" in your web browser (e.g.:
<ulink url="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig">
http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig</ulink>
). If you can read the contents of this file, your web server has
not secured your bugzilla directory properly and you must fix this
problem before deploying Bugzilla. If, however, it gives you a
"Forbidden" error, then it probably respects the .htaccess
conventions and you are good to go.</para>
</note>
<example id="upgrade-cvs">
<title>Upgrading using CVS</title>
<para>When you run checksetup.pl, the script will attempt to modify
various permissions on files which Bugzilla uses. If you do not have
a webservergroup set in the localconfig file, then Bugzilla will have
to make certain files world readable and/or writable.
<emphasis>THIS IS INSECURE!</emphasis>
<para>Every release of Bugzilla, whether it is a revision or a point
release, is tagged in CVS. Also, every tarball we have distributed
since version 2.12 has been primed for using CVS. This does, however,
require that you are able to access cvs-mirror.mozilla.org on port
2401.
. This means that anyone who can get access to your system can do
whatever they want to your Bugzilla installation.</para>
<tip>
<para>If you can do this, updating using CVS is probably the most
painless method, especially if you have a lot of local changes.
</para>
</tip>
</para>
<programlisting>
bash$ <command>cd /var/www/html/bugzilla</command>
bash$ <command>cvs login</command>
Logging in to :pserver:anonymous@cvs-mirror.mozilla.org:2401/cvsroot
CVS password: <command>anonymous</command>
bash$ <command>cvs -q update -r BUGZILLA-2_18_1 -dP</command>
P checksetup.pl
P collectstats.pl
P globals.pl
P docs/rel_notes.txt
P template/en/default/list/quips.html.tmpl
</programlisting>
<para>
<caution>
<para>If a line in the output from <command>cvs update</command>
begins with a <computeroutput>C</computeroutput> that represents a
file with local changes that CVS was unable to properly merge. You
need to resolve these conflicts manually before Bugzilla (or at
least the portion using that file) will be usable.
</para>
</caution>
<note>
<para>This also means that if your webserver runs all cgi scripts
as the same user/group, anyone on the system who can run cgi
scripts will be able to take control of your Bugzilla
installation.</para>
<para>You also need to run <command>./checksetup.pl</command>
before your Bugzilla upgrade will be complete.
</para>
</note>
</para>
</example>
<para>On Apache, you can use .htaccess files to protect access to
these directories, as outlined in
<ulink url="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=57161">Bug
57161</ulink>
<example id="upgrade-tarball">
<title>Upgrading using the tarball</title>
for the localconfig file, and
<ulink url="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=65572">Bug
65572</ulink>
<para>If you are unable or unwilling to use CVS, another option that's
always available is to download the latest tarball. This is the most
difficult option to use, especially if you have local changes.
</para>
for adequate protection in your data/ and shadow/ directories.</para>
<programlisting>
bash$ <command>cd /var/www/html</command>
bash$ <command>wget ftp://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/webtools/bugzilla-2.18.1.tar.gz</command>
<emphasis>Output omitted</emphasis>
bash$ <command>tar xzvf bugzilla-2.18.1.tar.gz</command>
bugzilla-2.18.1/
bugzilla-2.18.1/.cvsignore
bugzilla-2.18.1/1x1.gif
<emphasis>Output truncated</emphasis>
bash$ <command>cd bugzilla-2.18.1</command>
bash$ <command>cp ../bugzilla/localconfig* .</command>
bash$ <command>cp -r ../bugzilla/data .</command>
bash$ <command>cd ..</command>
bash$ <command>mv bugzilla bugzilla.old</command>
bash$ <command>mv bugzilla-2.18.1 bugzilla</command>
bash$ <command>cd bugzilla</command>
bash$ <command>./checksetup.pl</command>
<emphasis>Output omitted</emphasis>
</programlisting>
<para>Note the instructions which follow are Apache-specific. If you
use IIS, Netscape, or other non-Apache web servers, please consult
your system documentation for how to secure these files from being
transmitted to curious users.</para>
<para>
<warning>
<para>The <command>cp</command> commands both end with periods which
is a very important detail, it tells the shell that the destination
directory is the current working directory. Also, the period at the
beginning of the <command>./checksetup.pl</command> is important and
can not be omitted.
</para>
</warning>
<para>Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/data directory.
<literallayout>&lt;Files comments&gt; allow from all &lt;/Files&gt;
deny from all</literallayout>
</para>
<note>
<para>You will now have to reapply any changes you have made to your
local installation manually.
</para>
</note>
</para>
</example>
<example id="upgrade-patches">
<title>Upgrading using patches</title>
<para>The Bugzilla team will normally make a patch file available for
revisions to go from the most recent revision to the new one. You could
also read the release notes and grab the patches attached to the
mentioned bug, but it is safer to use the released patch file as
sometimes patches get changed before they get checked in.
It is also theoretically possible to
scour the fixed bug list and pick and choose which patches to apply
from a point release, but this is not recommended either as what you'll
end up with is a hodge podge Bugzilla that isn't really any version.
This would also make it more difficult to upgrade in the future.
</para>
<para>Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/ directory.
<literallayout>&lt;Files localconfig&gt; deny from all &lt;/Files&gt;
allow from all</literallayout>
</para>
<programlisting>
bash$ <command>cd /var/www/html/bugzilla</command>
bash$ <command>wget ftp://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/webtools/bugzilla-2.18.0-to-2.18.1.diff.gz</command>
<emphasis>Output omitted</emphasis>
bash$ <command>gunzip bugzilla-2.18.0-to-2.18.1.diff.gz</command>
bash$ <command>patch -p1 &lt; bugzilla-2.18.0-to-2.18.1.diff</command>
patching file checksetup.pl
patching file collectstats.pl
patching file globals.pl
</programlisting>
<para>
<caution>
<para>If you do this, beware that this doesn't change the entires in
your <filename id="dir">CVS</filename> directory so it may make
updates using CVS (<xref linkend="upgrade-cvs"/>) more difficult in the
future.
</para>
</caution>
</para>
</example>
<para>Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/shadow directory.
<literallayout>deny from all</literallayout>
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</para>
</section>
</chapter>
......@@ -1380,7 +1124,7 @@ sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
sgml-namecase-general:t
sgml-omittag:t
sgml-parent-document:("Bugzilla-Guide.sgml" "book" "chapter")
sgml-parent-document:("Bugzilla-Guide.xml" "book" "chapter")
sgml-shorttag:t
sgml-tag-region-if-active:t
End:
......
docs/en/xml/installation.xml
View file @ a7d40ecc
<!-- <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"> -->
<!-- $Id: installation.xml,v 1.74 2008/04/04 06:47:04 bugreport%peshkin.net Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: installation.xml,v 1.75 2008/04/04 06:47:05 justdave%bugzilla.org Exp $ -->
<chapter id="installing-bugzilla">
<title>Installing Bugzilla</title>
......@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@
<procedure>
<step>
<para><link linkend="install-perl">Install Perl</link>
(&min-perl-ver; or above)
(&min-perl-ver; or above for non-Windows platforms; &min-perl-ver-win;
for Windows)
</para>
</step>
<step>
......
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