security.html

<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Bugzilla Security</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="The Bugzilla Guide"
HREF="index.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Administering Bugzilla"
HREF="administration.html"><LINK
REL="PREVIOUS"
TITLE="Groups and Group Security"
HREF="groups.html"><LINK
REL="NEXT"
TITLE="Template Customisation"
HREF="cust-templates.html"></HEAD
><BODY
CLASS="section"
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#840084"
ALINK="#0000FF"
><DIV
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
><TABLE
SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TH
COLSPAN="3"
ALIGN="center"
>The Bugzilla Guide</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="groups.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="80%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="bottom"
>Chapter 5. Administering Bugzilla</TD
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="cust-templates.html"
ACCESSKEY="N"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="security">5.6. Bugzilla Security</H1
><DIV
CLASS="warning"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="warning"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/warning.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Warning"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>Poorly-configured MySQL and Bugzilla installations have
      given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take these
      guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla machines hidden away behind
      your firewall. 80% of all computer trespassers are insiders, not
      anonymous crackers.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>These instructions must, of necessity, be somewhat vague since
      Bugzilla runs on so many different platforms. If you have refinements
      of these directions for specific platforms, please submit them to 
      <A
HREF="mailto://mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13;      mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org</A
>
      </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>To secure your installation:
     
    <P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>Ensure you are running at least MysQL version 3.22.32 or newer.
        Earlier versions had notable security holes and (from a security
        point of view) poor default configuration choices.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <EM
>There is no substitute for understanding the tools on your
        system!</EM
>

        Read 
        <A
HREF="http://www.mysql.com/doc/P/r/Privilege_system.html"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13;        The MySQL Privilege System</A
>
        until you can recite it from memory!</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Lock down /etc/inetd.conf. Heck, disable inet entirely on this
        box. It should only listen to port 25 for Sendmail and port 80 for
        Apache.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Do not run Apache as 
        <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>

        . This will require very lax permissions in your Bugzilla
        directories. Run it, instead, as a user with a name, set via your
        httpd.conf file. 
        <DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;          <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>

          is a real user on UNIX systems. Having a process run as user id 
          <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>

          is absolutely no protection against system crackers versus using
          any other user account. As a general security measure, I recommend
          you create unique user ID's for each daemon running on your system
          and, if possible, use "chroot" to jail that process away from the
          rest of your system.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
        </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Ensure you have adequate access controls for the
        $BUGZILLA_HOME/data/ directory, as well as the
        $BUGZILLA_HOME/localconfig file.
        The localconfig file stores your "bugs" database account password. 
        In addition, some
        files under $BUGZILLA_HOME/data/ store sensitive information.
        </P
><P
>Bugzilla provides default .htaccess files to protect the most
        common Apache installations. However, you should verify these are
        adequate according to the site-wide security policy of your web
        server, and ensure that the .htaccess files are allowed to
        "override" default permissions set in your Apache configuration
        files. Covering Apache security is beyond the scope of this Guide;
        please consult the Apache documentation for details.</P
><P
>If you are using a web server that does not support the
        .htaccess control method, 
        <EM
>you are at risk!</EM
>

        After installing, check to see if you can view the file
        "localconfig" in your web browser (e.g.: 
        <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13;        http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig</A
>

        ). If you can read the contents of this file, your web server has
        not secured your bugzilla directory properly and you must fix this
        problem before deploying Bugzilla. If, however, it gives you a
        "Forbidden" error, then it probably respects the .htaccess
        conventions and you are good to go.</P
><P
>When you run checksetup.pl, the script will attempt to modify
        various permissions on files which Bugzilla uses. If you do not have
        a webservergroup set in the localconfig file, then Bugzilla will have
        to make certain files world readable and/or writable. 
        <EM
>THIS IS INSECURE!</EM
>

        . This means that anyone who can get access to your system can do
        whatever they want to your Bugzilla installation.</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>This also means that if your webserver runs all cgi scripts
          as the same user/group, anyone on the system who can run cgi
          scripts will be able to take control of your Bugzilla
          installation.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>On Apache, you can use .htaccess files to protect access to
        these directories, as outlined in 
        <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=57161"
TARGET="_top"
>Bug
        57161</A
>

        for the localconfig file, and 
        <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=65572"
TARGET="_top"
>Bug
        65572</A
>

        for adequate protection in your data/ directory.</P
><P
>Note the instructions which follow are Apache-specific. If you
        use IIS, Netscape, or other non-Apache web servers, please consult
        your system documentation for how to secure these files from being
        transmitted to curious users.</P
><P
>Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
        readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/data directory. 
        <P
CLASS="literallayout"
>&#60;Files&nbsp;comments&#62;&nbsp;allow&nbsp;from&nbsp;all&nbsp;&#60;/Files&#62;<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deny&nbsp;from&nbsp;all</P
>
        </P
><P
>Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
        readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/ directory. 
        <P
CLASS="literallayout"
>&#60;Files&nbsp;localconfig&#62;&nbsp;deny&nbsp;from&nbsp;all&nbsp;&#60;/Files&#62;<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;allow&nbsp;from&nbsp;all</P
>
        </P
></LI
></OL
>
    </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="groups.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="index.html"
ACCESSKEY="H"
>Home</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="cust-templates.html"
ACCESSKEY="N"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
>Groups and Group Security</TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="administration.html"
ACCESSKEY="U"
>Up</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
>Template Customisation</TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></BODY
></HTML
>