Closes #172

This eliminates some overhead, because the compiler doesn't need to
consider these functions throwing.

Error message was 'too few arguments for "find"' because the "base"
constraint was not supported, and no other constraints remained.

Detach the Song class completely from the public API, only to be used
by SimpleDatabase and the update thread.

From now on, struct Song will be used by the database only, and
DetachedSong will be used by everybody else.  DetachedSong is easier
to use, but Song has lower overhead.

Restores the features from the previous draft commands "findin" /
"searchin".

The "bool" type is built-in.

Merge locate_song_search() and locate_song_match().

Fold the case during construction, without having to create another
copy.

Add nonnull attributes and fix all callers.

This updates the copyright header to all be the same, which is
pretty much an update of where to mail request for a copy of the GPL
and the years of the MPD project. This also puts all committers under
'The Music Player Project' umbrella. These entries should go
individually in the AUTHORS file, for consistancy.

Merged casefolding code from two locations into this one library
function.